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c# List to Dictionary

C#.NET 利用ToDictionary(),GroupBy(),可以将List转化为Dictionary,主需要一行代码!

首先看一下需求,已知cars,等于:

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List<Car> cars = new List<Car>(){
new Car(1,"audiA6","private"),
new Car(2,"futon","merchant"),
new Car(3,"feiren","bike"),
new Car(4,"bukon","private"),
new Car(5,"baoma","private"),
new Car(6,"dayun","merchant")
};

1)我想以id为键,值为Car转化为一个字典idCarDict,方法如下:

var idCarDict = cars.ToDictionary(car=>car.id);

这样保证能正确转化的前提为,id在列表中没有重复值。如果有重复的,会抛出向字典中添加重复值的异常。

2)我想以type为键,值car的List的typeDict,方法如下:

Dictionary<string, List<Car>> typeCarDict = cars.GroupBy(car => car.type).ToDictionary(r => r.Key, r => r.ToList());

分步解释:
第一步分组

cars.GroupBy(car=>car.type) //返回的结果类型为: //IEnumerable<IGroup<string,car>>;

//其中string等于car.type,也就是分组的键
第二步将IEnumerable类型转化为字典,选取合适的键,

ToDictionary(r=>r.Key,r=>r.ToList());

//r参数代表分组对象,r.Key便是car.type;
//r.ToList()操作后将分组对象转化为List对象
这种转化代码简介,比以下foreach遍历得到以car.type的字典简洁许多:

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var dict = new Dictionary<string,List<Car>>();
foreach(var car in cars)
{
if(dict.Contains(car.type))
dict[car.type].Add(car);
else
dict.Add(car.type,new List<Car>(){car}));
}

转的文章,希望自己能记住todictionary 的使用方法
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